The surgical device.
I- Introduction:
The surgical device includes all the means available to the practitioner for an intervention. In hospital or private practice, the arrangements to be made are the same.
The basic equipment is the “dental chair”. The profile of the chair must correspond to anatomical curves for the comfort of the patient.
It also meets ergonomic requirements: the operator and his assistant must work seated, with all the necessary instrumentation within reach.
II- Lighting:
It is an essential element in the surgical device. It includes the lighting of the room and that of the operating field. The latter is provided by the surgical light.
III- The operator and his assistant:
Hand asepsis:
Involves short and filed nails. Always remove jewelry (ring, watch, bracelet, etc.)
The operator and his assistant must wear
- A blouse,
- A jacket (kimono, overcoat),
- A cap (or smock),
- A surgical mask,
- Protective glasses,
- Disposable gloves.
Operator position:
- The operator-operated-lighting-instruments assembly must be balanced.
- The operator-operated distance: approximately 30 cm.
- Adjust the chair and stool to the correct position.
IV – The patient:
The patient almost always arrives in street clothes except for the hospitalized patient.
He must be comfortable in his clothes (open the collar of the shirt, loosen the tie and belt, etc.)
V – Anesthesia:
The procedure is performed under local or locoregional anesthesia or under general anesthesia in the operating room.
We start by washing hands, asepsis of the operating field, placing a single-use cloth or paper drape, and using a metal syringe with cartridges, needles and anesthetic cartridges.
VI- Surgical instrumentation:
Must be sterile.
1 – Instruments common to simple extractions:
- Consultation tray: mirror, probe, tweezers.
- Metallic syringe with cartridges;
- Chompret syndesmotomes: straight, angled, sickle;
- Elevators: straight, bayonet, Winter;
- Forceps: incisors >,<; molars > right and left; molars <; premolars > and <; for wisdom teeth > and <.
- Straight curette, angled.
- 2 – Surgical instrumentation:
In addition to the above-mentioned tray, we add:
- Field clamps
- Rotating equipment (handpiece or contra-angle; turbine and burs);
- Scalpel handle and blades (11, 12 and 15).
- Stripper,
- Spreaders (Farabeuf, Kocher-Langenbeck),
- Dissecting forceps (standard, Adson forceps),
- Hemostatic forceps (straight, curved.),
- Claw clamps,
- Curette,
- Bone grater,
- Luer–Friedmann rongeur
- Needle holder clamps,
- Suture thread,
- Scissors (standard suture; Goldman–Fox soft tissue scissors; Metzenbaum round-tipped soft tissue scissors; Lagrange soft tissue scissors).
- Required for Fergusson suction,
- Necessary for irrigation,
- Hemostatic arsenal (compresses, hemostatic sponges, surgical dressing, etc.)
VII – Conclusion
It is important to use sterile equipment when performing any dental procedure, even the most trivial one.
To be able to provide the patient with appropriate and most adequate therapeutic care , it is necessary to have good control over the instruments being handled and it is imperative to respect the asepsis chain.
The surgical device.
Impacted wisdom teeth may require surgery.
Zirconia crowns are durable and aesthetic.
Bleeding gums may indicate periodontitis.
Invisible orthodontic treatments are gaining popularity.
Invisible orthodontic treatments are gaining popularity.
Modern dental fillings are both durable and discreet.
Interdental brushes are ideal for narrow spaces.
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