Surgical guides in implantology
- Introduction
Implant planning results in a prosthetic project, the goal of all practitioners is to restore it in a precise manner when placing the implants, this is greatly facilitated by the use of surgical guides.
- Definition
It is a device that allows the positioning guidance and inclination of implants in accordance with the previously established planning.
- Interests
- Simplifying implant surgery.
- Secure the placement of implants
- Reduce positioning errors and implant orientation
- Placement of implants with greater confidence
- Classification of surgical guides
1-According to the support:
a-Dental:
-this is the most accurate guide.
-in the case of embedded or distal edentulism of less than 3 cm.
-he slips away on the teeth
- make sure the teeth are not loose.
- -used with both techniques (with or without flap)
b-mucous:
- It is the least rigid
- In the case of total or distal edentulism of more than 3cm
- Used in flapless implant surgery
- It is fixed using occlusal wedges and stabilizing screws (keys)
- Surgical guide with mucosal support
C- bone:
- in the case of total or partial toothlessness of large extent.
- used exclusively with a flap surgical technique.
- It is fixed by occlusal wedges and stabilizing screws.
2-according to the degree of precision:
a- standard sleeve guide : it allows the guiding of the first drill (pilot drill) only, then it will be removed.
The passage of the other drills is done freehand
-used with a classic kit
b-guide socket in the socket:
The first sleeve is wide and secured to the resin, the other sleeves have increasing internal diameters corresponding to those of the drills while the external diameter must be the same as that of the internal diameter of the first sleeve.
Allows the guidance of all drills
Used with a classic kit.
c-guide requiring a specific kit:
These guides are supplied with metal sleeves specific to the implant system that developed them and which is equipped with a guided surgery kit. This type of guide allows the guidance of the different drills of the drilling sequence, until the implant is placed.
The guided surgery kit contains specific spoons and drills. The spoon fits into the socket in order to guide the drill in a precise manner, there are several diameters.
The guided surgery strengths are longer than those of the classic kit.
- Production techniques
1-Transformation of the radiological guide into a surgical guide:
This is the simplest technique, consisting of drilling the emergence point of the future implant on the radiological guide.
2-Conventional realization in the laboratory:
The surgical guide is made directly on a model after having carried out the wax up and identified the emergence points of future implants.
Surgical guides in implantology
Noticed:
Both of these techniques result in a pilot drill guide only.
3-production by CAD/CAM:
-need to have a DICOM from cone beam and an STL from an optical imprint.
-these two files are superimposed (matched) because the planning is done on DICOM and the surgical guide is designed on STL.
Surgical guides in implantology
Baby teeth need to be taken care of to prevent future problems.
Periodontal disease can cause teeth to loosen.
Removable dentures restore chewing function.
In-office fluoride strengthens tooth enamel.
Yellowed teeth can be treated with professional whitening.
Dental abscesses often require antibiotic treatment.
An electric toothbrush cleans more effectively than a manual toothbrush.